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Satellite Internet vsat. VSAT equipment. How does satellite communication work?

Satellite Internet is a technology for providing Internet access through an artificial Earth satellite (AES), which acts as a relay between the earth station (TSSSS) and the subscriber's transceiver equipment. Modern technologies make it possible to use subscriber stations with small-diameter antennas; such stations have an abbreviation consisting of the English letters VSAT, which in Russian is read as “visat”.

More recently, Satellite Internet technology included two connection methods: one-way satellite Internet and two-way satellite Internet. Currently, one-way satellite Internet is obsolete and is practically not used anymore. Further, Satellite Internet means two-way satellite Internet.

Communication satellites, located at a considerable distance from the earth, can provide radio signal coverage to very large areas. For example, one satellite can cover all of Europe and the central part of Russia at once, or just 2-3 satellites can cover the territory of all of Russia. Thus, where for thousands of kilometers around there is not a single “wired” Internet provider and there is not a single cellular communication provider, satellite communication technology can easily provide stable and high-speed access to the Internet!

Advantages of Satellite Internet

Let's list the main advantages of Satellite Internet compared to other wireless Internet technologies:

Access possible anywhere. The main and main advantage of two-way satellite Internet (as opposed to one-way) is the ability to access the Internet where there are no “terrestrial” Internet providers. All you need for this is a place to install the antenna, direct visibility to the satellite and the availability of power.
Simplicity and versatility of the modem. Once installed and configured, the equipment does not require any maintenance from the user to maintain its functionality. At the output of any satellite modem, the user receives a standard computer network port (Ethernet), to which you can connect a PC, WiFi router, server, M2M controller, video surveillance recorder or any other network device;
High-speed Internet. A satellite link can provide speeds of up to 40 Mbit/s at the reception and before 12 Mbit/s for transmission from the subscriber! Unlike connection technologies via 3 channelsGor4G, the speed in which may vary depending on the network load, the satellite communication channel is stable and is guaranteed to provide speed in accordance with your tariff plan (TP) 1.

VSAT concept

VSAT(Very Small Aperture Terminal) literally translates as “terminal with a very small aperture” (antennas).

These are satellite communication ground stations, the technical characteristics of which comply with the requirements of MCE-P Recommendations S.725-S.729.

Among the main requirements:

VSAT stations belong to the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) and must comply with the requirements of the Radio Regulations;
for operation, the frequency ranges allocated for the FSS are used (14 and 6 GHz on the uplink and 11-12 and 4 GHz on the downlink);
the diameter of the antennas is in the range of 0.9-3.5 m;
information transmission speed from the station - from 1.2 to 2.048 Mbit/s;
stations are installed directly at the user’s location, and the density of their placement in a limited area can be very high;
stations can operate autonomously, control and management of the work of stations in the network is carried out centrally;
stations can be used to transmit data and telephony in digital form and in receive-only (simplex) or receive/transmit (duplex) modes;
The stations use a low-power radio transmitter (from several units to tens of watts) with mandatory limitation of the emitted power for the safety of users.

VSAT networks are built on the basis of geostationary relay satellites. This makes it possible to simplify the design of user terminals as much as possible and equip them with simple fixed antennas without a satellite tracking system. To ensure operation through small-sized subscriber stations such as VSAT, satellite transmitters must have an output power of about 40 W.

Since VSAT stations belong to the Fixed Satellite Service, satellite networks can be built on their basis to provide the services provided by this service, i.e. data transmission, voice transmission, image transmission, video conferencing, Internet access; multimedia.

VSAT - small satellite ground station

VSAT(English) Very Small Aperture Terminal) - a small satellite ground station, a terminal with a small antenna, used in satellite communications since the early 90s.

According to the international classification, VSAT includes satellite stations with antennas less than 2.5 meters. As a rule, VSAT uses a simplified procedure for obtaining frequency permits.

Story

The emergence of VSAT is associated with an experimental satellite telephone network in Alaska, created in the late 60s during experiments with the ATS-1 satellite. The network consisted of 25 earth stations installed in small villages. The experiment was successful and was extended. It is worth noting that at that time the smallest satellite station had an antenna with a diameter of 9 m and cost about 500 thousand dollars.

Further development and reduction in cost of VSAT systems led to the creation by Equatorial of cost-effective satellite communication systems based on VSAT, which gave impetus to the emergence of new companies offering VSAT equipment. The market began to develop rapidly, and competition on it increased sharply. Finally, the whales of the telecommunications business paid attention to the market and, without further ado, began to buy companies that were successfully developing in the market. American telecommunications giant AT&T acquired Tridom. Ku-band VSAT pioneer Linkabit has teamed up with M/A-COM to become a leading supplier of VSAT equipment. Hughes Communications subsequently acquired a stake in M/A-COM.

This is how Hughes Network Systems was born. Scientific-Atlanta, a manufacturer of large satellite communications stations, entered the VSAT equipment business by acquiring Adcom. GTE Spacenet initially provided VSAT services using equipment from other suppliers. Equatorial merged with Contel in 1987, which simultaneously acquired the VSAT division of Comsat. And in 1991, GTE Sapacenet acquired Contel. In 1987, the company's founders created a new company - Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd. for VSAT production. Thus, a main pool of players in the VSAT production market was formed, which continues to this day.

Compound

VSAT consists of two main parts, ODU (OutDoorUnit) - an external unit, that is, an antenna and a receiver, usually 1-2 W and IDU (InDoorUnit) - an internal unit or satellite modem.

An outdoor unit (ODU) is an outdoor unit installed at the antenna focal point that transmits modulated radio signals to and from the hub via satellite. The ODU consists of a solid-state amplifier (SSPA, BUC), a low-noise block (LNB) downconverter, and a polarization selector (OMT). BUC and LNB are connected to separate OMT ports. This configuration allows the reception of a signal with a certain type of polarization and the transmission of a signal with a different type of polarization, usually orthogonal. The interconnect cable has F-type connectors. Factory VSAT antennas are equipped with a feed and OMT.

An internal unit (IDU) is a small tabletop device that converts information passing between analog communications on the satellite and local devices such as telephones, computer networks, PCs, TVs, etc. In addition to the basic conversion programs, IDUs may also contain additional functions, such as security, network acceleration and other features.

VSAT is (abbreviated as Very Small Aperture Terminal) technology, which is a terminal with a small-diameter antenna, a transceiver and a modem, controlled by a communication station from a satellite and an operator on the ground. It is the most common technology for providing satellite communications. The small size and high throughput of the technology are in demand in the fields of mining, drilling, exploration, logging, law enforcement agencies, the media, wherever stable communication is needed to solve production problems, where there are no fiber optic lines and GSM networks.

Satellite channels provide users with access to the Internet, telephony (IP telephony), video surveillance; building corporate networks and allocating channels for various tasks, including M2M.

GTNT company provides communications in the Ka and Ku bands using equipment from leading manufacturers Hughes, Gilat, Istar.

GTNT has resources on the Express satellites - AMU-1, Express AM-5, Express AM-6 in the Ka band and Yamal-401 in the Ku band. This allows us to provide our customers with the full range of necessary services (reservation of channels, construction of corporate networks using several satellites) throughout the Russian Federation.

Ka-band – operates at a frequency of 18.3-18.8 and 19.7-20.2 GHz for Satellite-Earth transmission, and between 27.5 and 31 GHz for Earth-Satellite transmission.

Today, among Russian devices, Ka-band antenna systems are located on the Express AM5 satellites - 12 transponders over the territory of the Far East and Siberia, Express AM6 - 12 transponders with a coverage area in the European part of Russia and Western Siberia, Express AMU-1.

Ka-band satellites use multi-beam technology or multiple system antennas with a narrow directional pattern, which helps to obtain a larger flow of radio links in a limited area (total diameter 200-300 km), using a smaller diameter of VSAT antennas, compared to C, Ku-bands. The complex use of narrow beams and a higher frequency range helps to qualitatively increase throughput to 100 Gbit/s and data transmission speed to 40-100 Mbit/s. One of the disadvantages of the Ka band is sensitivity to precipitation and degradation of the radio signal than in the Ku and C frequencies.

Ku-band is a system of antennas with a wide radiation pattern that receive and transmit radio signals from the surface of the earth with a diameter of up to 3000 km within one transponder with a width of 36-72 MHz and occupies the frequencies of 11/14 GHz of geostationary satellites. Operating speeds for the Ku band are up to 8 Mbit/s in the forward channel (from the satellite to the subscriber station) and up to 3 Mbit/s in the reverse channel (from the subscriber station to the satellite).

Terminals in the Ku band usually use TDM/TDMA (time-divider multiplexing/time-dividing multiple access) technology, which makes optimal use of the resource on the satellite, in comparison with SCPC technology, in which the resource is allocated for the use of two stations, and when If these terminals do not use the resource, it remains assigned to them and is not used by other VSATs. TDMA technology allows you to reduce the cost of services provided by the operator, since many stations operate in the network and distribute the satellite resource according to the time of use among themselves; if the satellite resource is not used by individual stations, this satellite resource is used by other stations.

GTNT means extensive experience working with customers in solving communication service problems, a qualified team of engineers and managers, round-the-clock technical support, its own resource and hardware and software system for network management, and availability of equipment in stock.

Advantages of VSAT equipment:

Completely independent of ground infrastructure
Reasonable price for a set of equipment
Small antenna diameter from 0.74 m to 1.2 m.
Easy to transport, configure and connect terminals to the network.

To gain access to satellite Ka-Internet technology, high-speed satellite communication channels are used, broadcasting in the so-called Ka-band. For this purpose, the latest generation communication satellites with the abbreviation HTS are used, which stands for High-Throughput Satellite, which have an ultra-high ability to transmit and receive data. When creating them, the latest achievements were fully used - antennas, multi-beam direction, as well as ultra-efficient signal processing techniques. These satellites are used to gain access to the Internet using the equipment we provide. Little interference, excellent energy of radio lines, very high speed, plus antennas with small dimensions - our company’s clients enjoy all these advantages when paired with satellite Ka-Internet.

The main differences between Ka and Ku-band

The Ka-band is a range whose frequency is higher when compared to the Ku-band. If we talk about satellite communications using small stations located on the ground in the Ka-band, sections of the spectrum operate at 29-31 GHz to transmit information to the satellite and 10-20 GHz to receive it. In the Ku-band, these data are 13-14 GHz for transmission and 11-12 GHz for reception. As for the subscriber, the difference for him is that he will need an antenna with a smaller diameter to receive the signal. The receiving speed will be 45 Mbit/s when receiving, as well as 10 Mbit/s when sending data.

What is the difference between two-way and one-way satellite Internet?

During operation with one-way access, one channel transmits data received from the satellite to the subscriber, while data going to the satellite passes through another channel that uses networks on the ground (often mobile operators). When it comes to two-way Internet communication, then both channels go through the satellite.

What is the data transfer speed when using satellite Internet? Can she change?

The Internet using satellite technology is able to provide data reception at speeds of up to 45 Mbit/s, as well as up to 10 Mbit/s in the opposite direction. More specifically, we can talk about Internet speed depending on the connected tariff, as well as the capabilities of receiving radio signals.

Is it possible to connect to the Internet in several houses?

Yes, you can.

How does the weather affect Internet speed?

The weather in the area where the equipment is installed can indeed affect the speed of communications received. Only intense rain can weaken the received signal as much as possible. However, the population of our country rarely experiences such intense rains.

How much energy does the equipment consume?

The power of the kit required for connection and further work on the Internet installed at the subscriber does not exceed 60 W.

Is it worth purchasing your own surge protector and stabilizer?

To protect equipment from possible network interference or voltage surges that periodically occur in power networks, it is possible to additionally use power supply devices for protection.

How can radiation from a satellite dish affect human health?

Satellite Internet is classified as a “green” technology, that is, one that does not affect human health if the rules of its operation are strictly followed. In addition, the satellite receiver has low power, approximately the same as that of a mobile phone. But unlike a cell phone, it is not applied to the head; the transmitter and antenna are placed outside the house, and the radiation is directed upward. In addition, do not forget that all the equipment necessary for receiving satellite Internet has all the necessary certificates.

How can I pay for satellite internet?

The easiest way to pay for satellite Internet is with your bank card, simply from your personal account, or using the Sberbank Online application.

How to choose the diameter for the antenna? How much does diameter affect the overall price of equipment?

Of course, the diameter of the antenna has a direct relationship to the price of the equipment. Its choice, as well as the choice of antenna size, will depend on the visibility conditions of the satellite, as well as the area where the equipment is installed.

If the signal direction angle is too small or the place where the equipment will be installed is located on the border of the satellite service area, an antenna with a larger diameter may be needed. To check satellite visibility parameters, you can always use the interactive map. In addition, when choosing an antenna, it is worth considering that additional transmitter power, as well as an increased antenna diameter, will never be superfluous.

How to determine the elevation angle for the satellite where the equipment is located?

The elevation angle for the desired satellite can always be found using:

SatFinder smartphone application (Hughes and Gilat equipment);

Eutelsat satellite finder smartphone application (Gilat equipment);

SMWlink smartphone application (Hughes and Gilat equipment);

Computer software SMWLink.

What is the maximum wire length from the transmitter to the modem? Is a regular TV cable suitable for this purpose?

The length of the wire connecting the transmitter to the modem should be no more than 50 m. Typically, an RG 6 coaxial cable with a thickness of 6 mm and a resistance of 75 Ohms is used for these purposes. If the television cable has the same parameters, you can use it, but it must additionally be protected for outdoor installation. Any set of our equipment contains a cable for connecting the transmitter to the modem of at least 20 m.

Will the equipment cause interference when watching TV or mobile phones?

No. The fact is that this equipment operates in a different frequency range than mobile communications and TV.

Which brand of equipment is better - Hughes or Gilat?

Both Hughes and Gilat are the world's leading manufacturers of satellite communications equipment. That is why this equipment is used for satellite Internet. At the same time, the technology is similar in its capabilities in many factors. When working with the Express-AMU1 satellite, only Gilat equipment can be used.

How quickly can the equipment be installed?

Typically, equipment installation only takes a couple of hours. In general, the following factors influence the installation time:

complicated access to the point where the equipment will be installed;

unfavorable weather;

elimination of extraneous factors that interfere with pointing the antenna at the satellite.

What are the requirements for a PC?

The equipment is connected via the satellite's Ethernet interface. If you plan to connect only one PC, it must be equipped with a network card equipped with an Ethernet interface. For maximum comfort when working on your computer, you can install several browsers at once, for example, Chrome, Opera, Mozilla Firefox or Internet Explorer. If there is a need to additionally use other gadgets (laptops, tablets, smartphones, etc.), then an external router is additionally connected to the terminal from the satellite, which distributes the Internet to these devices. There are no special requirements for the OS, amount of RAM or processor power.

Do I need certain programs for satellite Internet to work?

No, to gain access to satellite Internet, you do not need to install special programs.

What to do if you need to set up Wi-Fi distribution?

The easiest way to deploy a Wi-Fi network is to use a router that connects to a VSAT modem using a cable. The router will need to be configured as an access point. A Wi-Fi network for the home using a router is the best solution, as it allows you to use satellite Internet simultaneously from different devices.

Is it possible to move the equipment to another location in the future?

Yes, such a possibility exists.

Personal access “to the world” from a personal computer, communication with company employees at any time during working hours, increasing the efficiency of their work due to the ability to quickly respond to the information provided – these are the factors that form the requirements for modern communication technologies.

Therefore, satellite Internet from the operator AltegroSky is more than just access to content - it is aimed at ensuring reliable work with IP services, including the transmission of voice, data, video, audio and video conferencing, allowing for the organization of operational management and interaction of specialists from remote departments of large companies.

Individual VSAT for private users is an ideal solution for modern and comfortable country life: satellite Internet will allow you to not interrupt communication, study and work, providing access to popular Internet services, social networks, games, news and entertainment content in a country house, country house, in a cottage - like in a city apartment!

Advantages of satellite Internet

Independence from ground infrastructure.
High speed characteristics.
Affordable price.
Variability of satellite solutions.
Wide range of tariffs, including unlimited access.

Scheme of organizing satellite Internet based on VSAT technologies

The principle of organizing the service is very simple. The user only needs electricity to operate. All processing of Internet traffic is performed at the NCC and depends on the VSAT platform used by the operator.

In our network, we use technologies that ensure correct processing of any IP protocols, which allows the user to work with the necessary Internet applications:

high-speed access to global Internet resources;
Email;
messaging services (ICQ);
voice and video communication applications (Skype);
electronic payment services for goods and services (hotels, taxis, air and railway tickets, etc.);
exchange on-line services;
banking on-line services;
remote access to corporate applications using a VPN.

Therefore, it is worth buying satellite Internet for anyone who would like to have maximum opportunities for online communication - regardless of their location both in Russia and abroad.

Rates

All tariffs

VSAT subscriber terminal for two-way Internet

Two-way satellite Internet operates through the VSAT terminal (Very Small Aperture Terminal) - a satellite ground station with a small (0.6 to 2.4 m) diameter antenna. In modern satellite networks, this size is quite enough to organize a symmetrical Internet. Assembling the terminal does not require special skills, and given its low weight, the solution ensures high mobility and ease of work on the network. To connect to bidirectional satellite internet, you will need a VSAT small satellite earth station.

The standard subscription kit consists of:

Antennas;
Modem (channel-forming equipment);
Transceiver device (2 W);
Rod for attaching the transceiver device;
Radio frequency cable with connectors;
Supports for mounting the antenna;
Grounding cable.

The most popular kits for two-way satellite Internet are terminals with antennas of 0.74m, 0.98m and 1.2m.

VSAT kits

You can independently determine the parameters necessary to connect and configure satellite Internet by using the Satellite Finder.

With us - you choose reliable and affordable two-way satellite Internet! We will be glad to see you among our clients.

GPKS VSAT

VSAT FAQ (VSAT FAQ)

VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal)- a small satellite earth station, that is, a terminal with a small antenna. Used in satellite communications since the early 90s.

According to the international classification, VSAT includes satellite stations with antennas less than 2.5 meters. As a rule, VSAT uses a simplified procedure for obtaining frequency permits.

NEIS-Telecom Siberia employees install a 1.8 m VSAT antenna

Setting up the VSAT GILAT 1.2m antenna at the Biysk traffic police

Typical VSAT installation 1.2 m

Mobile point SB RF antenna VSAT 1.2 m

Story

The emergence of VSAT is associated with an experimental satellite telephone network in Alaska, created in the late 60s during experiments with the ATS-1 satellite. The network consisted of 25 earth stations installed in small villages. The experiment was successful and was continued. It is worth noting that at that time the “smallest” satellite station had an antenna with a diameter of 9 m and cost about 500 thousand dollars.

Further development and reduction in cost of VSAT systems led to the creation by Equatorial of cost-effective satellite communication systems based on VSAT, which gave impetus to the emergence of new companies offering VSAT equipment. The market began to develop rapidly, and competition on it increased sharply. Finally, the whales of the telecommunications business paid attention to the market and, without further ado, began to buy companies that were successfully developing in the market. American telecommunications giant AT&T acquired Tridom. Ku-band VSAT pioneer Linkabit has merged with M/A-COM, which has become a leading supplier of VSAT equipment. Hughes Communications subsequently acquired the division from M/A-COM.

This is how Hughes Network Systems was born. Scientific-Atlanta, a manufacturer of large satellite communications stations, entered the VSAT equipment business with the acquisition of Adcom. GTE Spacenet initially provided VSAT services using equipment from other suppliers. Equatorial merged with Contel in 1987, which simultaneously acquired the VSAT division of Comsat. And in 1991, GTE Sapacenet acquired Contel. In 1987, the company's founders created a new company - Gilat Satellite Networks Ltd. for VSAT production. Thus, a main pool of players in the VSAT production market was formed, which continues to this day.

Compound

VSAT consists of two main parts, ODU (OutDoorUnit) - an external unit, that is, an antenna and a transceiver, usually 1-2 W and IDU (InDoorUnit) - an internal unit or satellite modem.

An outdoor unit (ODU) is an outdoor unit installed at the antenna focal point that transmits modulated radio signals to and from the hub via satellite. The ODU consists of a solid-state amplifier (SSPB, BUC), a low-noise block (LNB) downconverter, and a polarization selector (OMT). BUC and LNB are connected to separate OMT ports. This configuration allows the reception of a signal with a certain type of polarization and the transmission of a signal with a different type of polarization, usually orthogonal. The interconnect cable has F-type connectors. Factory VSAT antennas are equipped with a feed and OMT.

An internal unit (IDU) is a small tabletop device that converts information passing between analog communications on the satellite and local devices such as telephones, computer networks, PCs, TVs, etc. In addition to the basic conversion programs, IDUs may also contain additional features such as security, network acceleration, and other features.

Work principles

A VSAT-based satellite communication network includes three main elements: a central earth station (if necessary), a relay satellite and VSAT user terminals.

The central earth station in a satellite communications network performs the functions of a central node and provides control of the operation of the entire network, redistribution of its resources, fault detection, tariffing of network services and interfacing with terrestrial communication lines. Typically, the central station is installed in the network node that receives the most traffic. This could be, for example, the main office or computer center of a company in corporate networks, or a large city in a regional network.

VSAT subscriber station A VSAT subscriber terminal usually includes an antenna-feeder device, an external external RF unit and an internal unit (modem). The external unit is a small transceiver or receiver. The internal unit ensures the connection of the satellite channel with the user's terminal equipment (computer, LAN server, telephone, fax PBX, etc.).

VSAT network relay satellites are built on the basis of geostationary relay satellites. This makes it possible to simplify the design of user terminals as much as possible and equip them with simple fixed antennas without a satellite tracking system. The satellite receives the signal from the earth station, amplifies it and sends it back to Earth. The most important characteristics of a satellite are the power of onboard transmitters and the number of radio frequency channels (trunks or transponders) on it. To ensure operation through small subscriber stations such as VSAT, transmitters with an output power of about 40 W are required. Modern VSATs usually operate in the Ku frequency range of 11/14 GHz (one frequency value for reception, another for transmission), there are also systems using the C range of 4/6 GHz, and the Ka range of 18/30 GHz is also now being mastered.

The transmitting and receiving equipment and the antenna-feeder device are usually built on the basis of standard equipment available on the market. The cost is determined by the size of the antenna and the power of the transmitter, which significantly depend on the technical characteristics of the relay satellite used. To ensure communication reliability, the equipment usually has 100% redundancy.

Channel-forming equipment ensures the formation of satellite radio channels and their connection with terrestrial communication lines. Each of the suppliers of satellite communication systems uses its own original solutions for this part of the central network, which often excludes the possibility of using equipment and subscriber stations from other companies to build a network. Typically, this subsystem is built on a modular basis, which makes it possible to easily add new blocks to increase its throughput as traffic and the number of subscriber stations in the network grow.

Modern VSAT ensures that the VSAT owner receives information at speeds of up to 4 Mbit/s (in multicast mode up to 30 Mbit/s) and transmits information up to 1..2 Mbit/s.

Modern VSATs have one or more Ethernet ports and built-in router functionality. Some models, through expansion, can be equipped with 1-4 telephone ports.

Current situation

As of 2007, there are more than a million VSATs in the world, of which more than 500,000 are in the United States alone. In Russia at the end of 2006 there were about 5,000 VSATs, but the pace of VSAT deployment is very high and as of November 2007, 17,675 stations were installed.

A significant increase in the number of VSATs in 2007 occurred due to the implementation of Federal target programs - Universal Communication Service (public Internet access points) and Education (Internet in Russian schools).

Consumers of the Russian VSAT market can be divided into four segments:

Government agencies
Large corporations with an extensive network of branches and representative offices.
Medium and small regional businesses.
Private users (satellite Internet).

Active users of VSAT are marine vessels, which use stabilized antennas that allow satellite tracking despite changes in the vessel's course. Currently, almost all passenger cruise ships have a marine VSAT installation on board. Typically, the main challenge for maritime users is choosing the right VSAT operator with unlimited coverage around the world. And also automatic transition from one satellite to another while sailing.

NEIS-Telecom Siberia employee adjusts mobile VSAT antenna

Major VSAT manufacturers in the world:

Advanetch Wireless (Canada);

Codan (Australia);

Hughes Network System (USA) - HughesNet (DirecWay), HX;

Gilat (Israel) – SkyEdge;

ViaSat (USA);

iDirect(USA);

NDSatCom (Germany);

Istar (Russia).

The typical cost of an enterprise-class VSAT for the end client is about 2500..3000 US dollars. For mass access to satellite Internet services, VSAT kits are offered, usually with limited network functionality, priced at 14-30 thousand rubles.

Deploying VSAT and connecting it to the network takes from 1-2 hours for simple standard installations to 4-6 or more for “problematic” ones (with searching for satellite visibility, installing non-standard supports, etc.). If special preparation of the site for the antenna support is required (soil drilling, concreting, welding, etc.), then installation time can increase significantly.

The main use of VSAT is the organization of broadband Internet access, telephone communications, data transmission for corporate networks, video conferencing, distance learning, and reservation of terrestrial communication channels.

It is used mainly outside large cities, where there are no reliable and high-speed terrestrial communication channels.