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How to design applications in a project. Applications to the project. How to submit an application for coursework

Complete student work Creative Project Applications.
The appendices contain illustrative and explanatory materials, graphs, tables, diagrams, drawings, drawings, photographs, etc.

Creative Work Applications placed on separate sheets.
In the upper right corner of the sheet it is written “Appendix 1” and its name.

Creative project applications include:

· large format tables;

· additional calculations;

· drawings and photographs;

· diagrams and drawings;

· illustrations of the product components;

· graphs and diagrams;

· computer printouts;

Creative project applications have in the order of references to them in the text of the document.

Applications are usually made on A4 sheets. It is allowed to draw up applications on A3 sheets; A2; A1.

An example of the design of an Appendix to a creative project:

Annex 1. Diagram of a person's desire to sleep

Creative project evaluation

Final creative project assessment not only sums up the student’s work, but has great educational significance.
If the work on the project is carried out in classes as part of the curriculum, then at each lesson it is necessary to give current grades that motivate and discipline the children, and take them into account when summing up the results of the work. For this purpose, it is advisable for the teacher to put these grades on the test sheet (per grade per week), and to defend the creative work to display the arithmetic average of the current work of each student.

The overall score is the arithmetic average of four scores:

· for current work;

· for the product;

· for the explanatory note;

· for protecting the work.

When evaluating current work the correct implementation of techniques and methods of work, the rationality of performing work and the workplace, the economical use of materials and electricity, compliance with safety regulations, conscientiousness in performing work, and self-control are taken into account.

When evaluating a product the practical orientation of the project, the quality, originality and completeness of the product, the aesthetic design of the product, the completion of a task with elements of novelty, the economic efficiency of the project, the possibility of its wider use, the level of creativity and the degree of independence of students are taken into account.

When evaluating an explanatory note You should pay attention to the completeness of disclosure of the topic of the task, design, rubrication, clarity, accuracy, correctness and quality of execution of graphic tasks: diagrams, drawings.

When assessing the protection of a creative project the reasoning of the choice of topic, the quality of the report (composition, completeness of presentation of the work, well-reasoned conclusions), the quality of answers to questions (completeness, argumentation, persuasiveness and conviction), the business and strong-willed qualities of the speaker (responsible attitude, desire to achieve high results, ability to work with overload).

Approximate criteria for evaluating a creative project:

"Great" is issued if the requirements for the explanatory note are fully met. It is drawn up in full, clearly, accurately.
The product is made technically competently in compliance with the standards and meets the aesthetic requirements placed on it. If this is a product of arts and crafts, then the theme of the work should be interesting, you need to bring your individuality and your creativity into it. The students planned the work independently; they solved creative problems with elements of novelty. The work has a high economic assessment and the possibility of wide application. The work or research findings can be used as a resource for technology lessons or other lessons.

"Fine" is exhibited if the explanatory note has slight deviations from the recommendations. The product is made technically competently in compliance with the standards, meets the aesthetic requirements imposed on it. If this is a product of arts and crafts, then it is made carefully, well, but does not contain exceptional novelty. The work was planned with insignificant help from the teacher, the student has an unstable desire to solve problems of a creative nature.The project has a good economic assessment, the possibility of individual application.

"Satisfactorily" is displayed if the explanatory note is made with deviations from the requirements, not very carefully. There are comments on the implementation of the product in terms of its aesthetic content, non-compliance with manufacturing technology, material, form. Planning of work with the help of a teacher, situational (unstable) interest of the student in technology.

Lower grade for the project not exhibited. It is subject to alteration or modification.

It is advisable to reflect the results of the project defense in a wall newspaper or photo newspaper. The best works can be used as teaching aids in lessons, sent to an exhibition of technical and arts and crafts, or for personal purposes: home decoration, a gift for parents, etc.

The proposed protection procedure is approximate. It can be modified depending on the teacher's preparation and the creativity of the class. It is desirable that the defense of projects turns into a real holiday, is not organized, so that the teacher and students receive satisfaction from its implementation, so that after the defense, schoolchildren come out with new ideas, creative ideas, ready to make the next project even more interesting and perfect.

Protection of a creative project

About the date protection of a creative project Students are informed in advance of the assessment criteria and the procedure for conducting the defense.

Protection of creative work is conducted before a special expert commission consisting of teachers of the subject you have chosen and representatives of the school administration. The jury may also include high school students, and students may be invited as spectators.

Each student is given 5-7 minutes to speak.

Project defense plan (speech)

· message of the theme of the creative project

· talk about the purpose of the creative project;

· justify the choice of topic;

· justify the need for the product;

· talk about the tasks set for yourself: constructive, technological, environmental, aesthetic, economic and marketing;

· give a brief historical background on the topic of the project (time of the product’s origin, product design in the past and present, materials used);

· talk about the progress of the project:
- type and quantity of material used in the product;
- what technological methods were used in the manufacture of the product;
- design and technological solution of assigned tasks;
- solving problems that arose during practical work);

· talk about the economic feasibility of manufacturing a product (based on an analysis of the market price of a similar product, the estimated cost of the product and real cash costs);

· talk about solving environmental problems;

· draw conclusions on the topic of the project (achievement of the set goal, results of solving the assigned tasks, analysis of product testing, possible modernization of the product, what new things have been learned, what has been learned);

· demonstration of manufactured products

· References.

In defense of a creative project After the student’s speech, those present can ask questions and express their opinions. Questions and explanations must be relevant to the project work.

During the defense of creative work, the student must receive all explanations on the content, design and execution of the work, and provide reasoned links to sources of information.

Creative project plan

1. Title page of a creative project

3. Introduction
In Introduction of a creative project the relevance of the chosen topic, the purpose and content of the tasks are substantiated, the planned result and the main problems considered in the project are formulated, it is reported who the project is intended for and what its novelty is.
The introduction also describes the main sources of information. This chapter of the project discusses the proposed methodology and technique for its implementation.
Structure of the Introduction of a creative project:

1. Justification for choosing the project topic

2. Purpose of the creative project

3. Objectives of the creative project

4. Historical background on the project problem

Technological part

Selection of ideas and options, their justification and analysis.
Selection of material for the object, design analysis.
Selection of tools, equipment and workplace organization.
Safety precautions when performing work.
Product design, sketch (description of the stages of object construction).
Product manufacturing technology, graphic materials.
Instructional and technological map

In the technological part of the project, it is necessary to develop a sequence for executing the object. It may include a list of stages, a technological map that describes the algorithm of operations indicating tools, materials and processing methods.

The most reliable way to find out how the application in the course work is drawn up in strict accordance with the requirements of the university is to look at the department's manual with samples of written student projects. But it would not be a mistake if, as a guideline, we choose the norms of GOST 7.32-2001, which establishes national standards for the form and content of all sections of the coursework.

What are applications

The average size of a course work is strictly regulated: in the first two years of study it is 20-30 pages, then the volume increases to 30-40 sheets of printed text. But due to the complexity of the topic or a large array of calculations, statistical data, and illustrations, the information cannot always be squeezed into the given framework. In addition, practical research requires visual support with diagrams, formulas, summary tables, diagrams, and certificates to be convincing.

If explanatory information takes up more than a third of the page, then placing it directly in the text of the work is unacceptable.

All unformatted materials that confirm the validity of the author’s reasoning and conclusions, contribute to the completeness of perception and assessment of the practical significance of the work, but clutter the text of the main part, are placed in a separate section - appendices to the course work.

Depending on the discipline and topic being developed, it may contain:

drawings, photos and other pictures;
certificates, certificates;
copies of documents;
production test reports;
blueprints;
statistics;
legislative acts;
formulas and mathematical calculations;
plans, maps;
source codes of translated texts;
questionnaires, etc.

The elective section “Applications” is not included in the total scope of the course, so the number of documents in it can be any - from one to several dozen.

All inserts are referenced in the text of the study, and additional materials are arranged strictly in the order of appearance of references to supporting data.

How to submit applications in coursework

Supporting materials can be designed as a continuation of the work after the list of used literature or in the form of a separate brochure. In both cases, the same design requirements apply:

Each application is located on a separate sheet.
The title is printed centered on the line in capital letters without a period.
An informative subtitle is required.

For marking, capital letters are used (capital letters typed with the Caps Lock key):

the Russian alphabet, excluding the dissonant or unpronounceable E, J, Ъ, ы, ь, as well as those similar in style to the numbers CH, O, Z;
Latin letters, except I and O (also due to formal similarity).

It is allowed to number additions with Arabic numerals if there are no Cyrillic or Latin characters allowed by the standard.

The only additional material in the course is designated “APPENDIX A”.
If necessary, the text can be divided into sections, paragraphs, which have their own numbering within the boundaries of the application (for example, G. 5 or D No. 4).
According to GOST 7.32-2001 (subclause 6.14.6), the numbering of the pages of the application is common with the rest of the text of the work.
Extensive applications, designed as a separate book, may have a “Contents” section.

Although the section with applications does not belong to the mandatory structural elements of coursework, it is still worth doing. It will increase the value of the work as a scientific work and will certainly have a positive impact on the grade: teachers always pay tribute to the student’s diligence.

Before you create an application, you need to think about its architecture. We'll look at how to do this correctly in the article.

Make life easier for developers

Since the most valuable resource is human, any framework or tool used should help the developer optimize his productivity.

What will make a developer's life easier:

Make the application as simple and understandable as possible;
Do not overload it with unnecessary functionality - implement only the necessary features;
Use a generally accepted approach to solving problems;
Use auxiliary tools;
Make the application expressive - every task solved in it should be obvious;
If you plan to use third party libraries, then make sure they are the best ones.

Pay attention to detail

Solve all tasks assigned to the project consistently;
Make the most common tasks easier and more transparent than others;
Make the application easily extensible;
Make it as simple as possible;

Remember usability

Usability is vital for a number of reasons. It increases customer trust and satisfaction and reduces costs.

Exclude vendor-specific technologies from the application;
Your application must support the latest standards;
Provide the application with fast response;
Your application should make the most of its graphics capabilities;
Add animation where appropriate;
Add support for A/B testing;
Include analytics support in your application.

Ensure safety

Security is the ability of a system to reduce the likelihood of malicious or accidental activity beyond the intended use of the system and to prevent the disclosure or loss of information.

Pass third-party pentests;
Implement safety standards wherever possible;
Follow best security practices.

Ensure reliability

Reliability is the ability of a system to continue to perform as expected over time. Reliability is measured as the probability that a system will not fail and that it will perform its functions for a specified period of time.

Obviously, failures should not occur in the system, but they still occur. It is necessary to provide logging and analysis of such failures;
The system should be as autonomous as possible - if a failure occurs, it will be ideal if it can handle it itself;

Be smart about productivity

Give your application the performance level that matches your mission and capabilities. Sometimes increasing productivity can be too expensive in terms of human and hardware resources expended. If performance is not critical for your tasks, don’t focus on it;
Minimize the delay until the interface appears (< 250 мс для 90% запросов, < 2 с для всех запросов) или добавьте механизмы для её компенсации, например, кеширование.

Build scalability

Scalability is the ability of a system to handle increasing workload without affecting performance, or the ability to easily increase that performance.

Give preference to horizontal rather than vertical scaling;
Make it possible to easily add more system nodes;
Allow load balancing between nodes;
Do not overload each individual node - distribute the load.

Establish testability

Testability is a measure of how well a system or its components can create requirements for testing and conduct tests to determine whether those requirements are met.

Implement mechanisms for data simulation into the system;
Ensure that processes that work with datasets can handle small datasets quickly;
Add the ability to automate interface testing to your application.

Introduce interoperability

How well does your system interact with others? Communication protocols, interfaces and data formats are key aspects of interoperability. Standardization is also an important aspect to consider when developing an interoperable system.

Use open standards whenever possible;
If for some reason this is not possible, then publish the standards used;
The more third-party systems your app supports, the better.

Provide transparency and troubleshooting

When something goes wrong, how easy is it to trace the error and reproduce it?

Log all errors and important events;
Make the stack trace easy to understand;
Include in the log all the data necessary to reproduce the error;
Add the ability to enable/disable debug logs;
Make sure that the process that caused the error can be easily traced throughout the application.

Use popular frameworks

The third party libraries you use should have an active community. The larger the community of a product or framework, the easier it will be to work with it, since, most likely, many problems have already been solved by other users before you.

Characteristics of a socially active application:

Lots of plugins and open source projects related to the framework;
Active repository on GitHub if the library is open source;
Lots of questions and answers on StackOverflow;
Lots of books, blogs and guides.

Make deployment as simple as possible

Deployment and distribution across different environments is expensive. A product that is difficult to deploy requires longer release cycles and makes it difficult to respond to changes or fix bugs.

Add automatic scripted deployment;
Simplify the process of writing automated tests;
Minimize system assembly time;
Minimize the physical size of the system;
Make it easy to roll back your system to make your life easier if something goes wrong.

When designing your application, go through this list and see if you can check as many boxes as possible. If you keep all these tips in mind when creating your app, you will end up with a better result.

A hint for programmers: if you register for the Huawei Honor Cup competition, you will get free access to the online school for participants. You can improve your skills and win prizes in the competition itself. .

Today I received the following letter:

“Hello, Andrey Gennadievich!
Thank you very much for the opportunity to receive information on issues that interest us! Your help is invaluable and I constantly use your advice.

At the moment I am writing a thesis project on a rather complex topic and problems have arisen in the preparation of annexes to the project (these are new reporting forms in the field of maintaining municipal health care institutions), I have a question: are there standards for drawing up the structure of statistical forms?
Thank you in advance. Best regards, Oksana".

I want to expand the question a little. Apparently, we are talking about inserting into the Appendix certain summary statistical forms, or let's say - summary tables of information on a certain topic.

Similar problems arise when designing applications that must use digital and graphic information - questions arise from “How to design correctly?” to “How do you even fit a large table on a small A4 sheet?”

To get started, take a look at the sample application in the image below:

So, an example of a diploma supplement clearly shows what an application to a thesis should look like.

Let's look at everything in order.

1. Registration of applications in the thesis.

The application in the thesis is usually drawn up on a separate sheet of A4 or A3 format. In the upper right corner the word “Appendix” is written, followed by the application number (without the No. sign) “Appendix 1”. Often letters are used to designate applications, then this inscription will look like “Appendix A”. When designating applications by letter, the following letters are not used: E, Z, J, O, Ъ and ь.”

Sheets with attachments are not numbered.

Application sheets can be in either portrait or landscape orientation.

2. Placing a large table in the Application.

In order to be able to place a larger table on an A4 sheet, you can use the printer settings specifically for the job file or separately for each application. The printer MUST support A3 format (most laser and inkjet printers in the middle and upper price categories).

To do this, you need to convert the sheet of document intended for the application into A3 format and place the table on this sheet.

After this, in the printer settings you need to find (when you click on “Print” the printer print window appears with a “Properties” button) the option to scale the print to A4 format.

Thus, when printed, your Application will be reduced to A4 format and placed on it.

If your Application is made in Excel, then you can simply copy the necessary information from the Excel sheet to a Word page or print the Excel sheet separately and attach it to your work.

3. Now directly about the standards for compiling statistical forms.

If in your thesis (project) you use any statistical forms and they are directly necessary to illustrate your work, then their preparation must strictly comply with the form established by the relevant regulatory act (usually, almost all forms of statistical forms can be found on the Internet in the location you need format).

But this happens quite rarely; as a rule, in work it is necessary to use only part of the information from statistical forms. In this case, it is more expedient and more correct to use summary tables, which must be compiled in accordance with current office work standards and GOST.

That is, you need, based on available statistical data, which is usually drawn from various sources, to compile a summary table of only those indicators that are used in the thesis and place it in the Appendix (there may be several such tables).

4. One last note on the Appendices to the thesis.

Don't get carried away and make too many applications. There should be from 1 to 5 applications in the work - maximum 8.

Also, be sure to make references to each Appendix in the text of the work itself, since if there is no link to the Appendix, then its use is simply pointless. And your supervisor and the selection committee during your defense will not look for what you wanted to say by attaching information to your thesis that is not referenced in the thesis itself!

That's all for today!

Good luck in writing your thesis and its appendices!

An important element of the diploma project are applications, which clearly display the research done by the student. Applications reinforce teachers' positive impressions of the author's level of preparation and the quality of the work itself. In addition to the content of the applications, it is extremely important to format them correctly and in accordance with GOST rules. The main rules for designing applications are described below.

Diploma supplement, what is it and why does a student need it?

The appendix is a separate section with additional, often visual, materials on research methods and algorithms developed by the author. It contains information that cannot be formatted according to the standards of the entire work, for example, drawings or images that do not fit into the A4 sheet format.

This section is an excellent addition that improves the quality of work and the overall impression of it. Despite the fact that the content of applications may not be formatted according to the standard, it is important to format information about this application correctly, in consultation with the teacher and guided by the requirements in the manual (GOST).

What is included in the diploma supplement

They contain any additional information on the diploma project. Both graphic materials and handouts, examples of tools used to conduct the research, more detailed calculations, etc. are acceptable.

Most often the “Application” section includes:

Charts and graphs;
Tables are too large;
Detailed calculations using formulas;
Intermediate calculations;
Information about instruments and equipment used in research;
Conclusions of a metrological nature;
A detailed description of the author’s research methods or solutions to the problems posed;
Additional supporting graphic information in the form of maps, photographs, drawings, etc.;
Copies of reference materials (statistical reports of the enterprise, etc.)

All materials presented in the application make the thesis more detailed and detailed. They give an idea of the student’s train of thought when conducting research. The diploma committee often evaluates how correctly and skillfully the student was able to use the applications when defending the diploma, which affects the grade.

How to complete a diploma supplement according to the rules and requirements of GOST

Despite the fact that applications are usually drawn up in accordance with GOST requirements, they are absolutely not complicated. The basic principle is to stick to the basic requirements.

GOST 2.301 states that the sheet format when drawing up an application can be A4, A3, A1, etc. But non-standard sheet formats can be used only if the information really cannot be located on standard A4. The number of appendices can be any, but sufficient to fully cover the topic of the thesis (GOST 2.109).

In general, you need to adhere to the following rules:

1. Applications do not need to be filed with the main body of the thesis. They should be placed in a separate folder.

2. Each application is a new sheet with the word “APPENDIX” written in the center (in capital letters).

3. Applications are not numbered, but are marked with letters in alphabetical order with the exception of ё, з, й, о, х, ь, ъ, ы (GOST 2.109).

4. For designation, you can use the Latin alphabet, except for the letters i, o.

5. As a last resort, when there is not enough alphabet, the use of Arabic numerals is acceptable, but not advisable.

6. Even if there is only one application, it still needs to be designated with the letter A.

7. In the application, you can divide the text into paragraphs.

8. It is necessary to maintain the same style of headings for all applications.

9. If the application is placed on several sheets, each subsequent sheet is designated “Continuation of Appendix B” and “End of Appendix B.”

Remember, proper design of applications can significantly affect your diploma grade.

Design example:

Formatting an appendix into the table of contents of the diploma

The structure of the diploma is reflected in its table of contents, where it is also necessary to indicate the presence of applications. All additional materials placed in the appendices are listed last after the list of references. It is very important to list all applications, indicating their numbering and names. For example, if you have an application A, B, C, D and E, then they all need to be listed in a clear sequence in the content. After the letter designating the application (A, B, C, etc.), its name is written, i.e. title specified in the application.

Design example:

Registration of links to the diploma application

The text of the diploma must contain links to all applications. This is done something like this: “more detailed information about the balance sheet can be viewed in Appendix A.” Appendix A itself should contain this detailed balance sheet.

Important! The sequence of applications is determined by the sequence of appearance of links to them in the text.

Design example:

Detailed instructions on how to fill out the diploma supplement

When filling out the front side, you must indicate the full last name, first name, and patronymic in the nominative case.
The student's full date of birth is required. This is done in a strictly defined order: the date of birth is written in the form of a full number (10), the month is indicated in words (December), and the year is indicated strictly in a four-digit format, after which the word “year” in words is required - 1991.
There is a separate column for recording the completion document, on the basis of which an order is issued to enroll the student in the appropriate educational institution - “Previous document on education”. In this line you need to indicate and write down the full name of the previous place of study, as well as the year of its completion. This could be: a certificate of completion of an educational institution - school.
In some cases, appropriate entrance exams are provided for a specific list of areas of study. This column may remain empty, since not all majors require entrance exams. In accordance with the above information, this column is filled in or skipped when filling out.
There is a separate line that indicates the year of admission and the year of graduation of the corresponding higher educational institution. All these dates are indicated in four-digit numerical format, according to the years of entry and graduation of the respective student.
There is a separate column indicating the period of study at the relevant educational institution. Depending on the form of training, the time period of training can last from 4 to 5 years.
The “Direction” column is filled in based on the direction of study that the graduate completes at the relevant higher educational institution.
The column “Specialization” is filled in exclusively by master’s students and persons who have completed training in a specialty program (5 years). Bachelors fill out this line with the words “not provided.” It is strictly forbidden to write specialization code in this column.
There is a separate column for completed coursework that was completed during the entire period of study. All works must be listed here, indicating their names and the corresponding rating, always in capital form.
“Practice” - all practices are indicated, as well as their types that the student completed during the learning process, as well as, without fail, the timing of their implementation and the corresponding assessments.
There is a separate column for final state examinations, in which all relevant exam titles are indicated, as well as the corresponding grade for each of them, always in capital form.
There is a separate column that relates to the duration of writing the qualifying work; here it is necessary to clearly indicate the time frame for working on this document. The day on which the final work was defended, its full name, as well as the grade, strictly in capital form, are also indicated.
In the appropriate column, you must indicate all the test subjects based on the grade book and mark them down.

note

It is necessary to indicate all the designations that need to be indicated when filling out, be it the name of the specialty or the name of the coursework - it is necessary without quotation marks, in ordinary words.

If during your studies a large number of coursework was completed, which in turn cannot be accommodated in the given columns, then they can be indicated on the back of the diploma supplement after the list of credit disciplines.

After filling out this application form, you need to review and double-check it again to avoid any incidents.

Conclusion

So, preparing applications for your thesis is not at all difficult. The main thing is that they are meaningful, of high quality, and all have links in the text of the work.